If you haven’t heard of ultra-processed food, you’re likely in the minority. UPF has made a splash in the media of late, with researchers linking the classification of packaged food products to poor health outcomes.
But the more we delve into the ultra-processed topic, the more complex it becomes. Proponents of food processing argue it’s not as simple as splitting whole foods into the ‘good’ category, and ultra-processed food into the ‘bad’.
Critics, on the other hand, say that ultra-processing directly feeds into Big Food’s strategy of how best to turn a profit.
If that sounds complicated, you’re not alone. Amongst consumers, confusion around UPF is at an all-time high, meaning that even if they want to avoid ultra-processed food altogether, they may not know how.
Surely baked beans aren’t UPF? Oh yes, they are.
To help unpack the intricacies of the UPF debate, we’re bringing you rolling coverage: unpicking the good, the bad, and the confusion around this classification of products.
Here’s the latest…
15 August 2025: UPF linked to rising cancer rates in latest study
New research links high UPF consumption to a 41% increase in lung cancer risk, independent of smoking
30 July 2025: The Great UPF Rejection: Millions say no to ultra-processed food
Avoiding ultra-processed food is a growing trend in the UK
25 July 2025: UPF linked to 10% higher mortality risk in high consumers
Major new study links ultra-processed foods to early death, intensifying consumer concern and putting pressure on the food industry to act.
26 June 2025: What counts as ultra-processed food? It depends who you ask
There is no single definition of UPF, so we’re rounding up all the classifications that exist.
19 June 2025: Global guidance on ultra-processed food incoming
Industry on alert as the World Health Organization advises on UPF consumption.
12 June 2025: UPFs linked to Parkinson’s disease in latest blow to industry
New research links ultra-processed foods to devastating brain disorder. How will this impact F&B – is reformulation the only option?
9 June 2025: What is ‘super ultra-processed food’?
A ‘catch-all’ categorisation for ultra-processed food is no longer fit for purpose.
27 May 2025: ‘Healthy’ vs ‘unhealthy’ UPF? How barcodes are clearing up confusion
Ultra-processing has consumers confused. What’s healthy and what’s not? We look behind the algorithm making sense of it all.
22 May 2025: Have processed ingredients unravelled Zoe’s ‘wholefood’ image?
Zoe can no longer claim that its “wholefood” supplement is UPF-free, with two more-than-minimally processed ingredients in the mix.
21 May 2025: Meat alts face unfair UPF slap despite low artificial ingredients
Plant-based meat’s heavy UPF criticism may be unfairly placed as exclusive research uncovers what ingredients go into some of the market’s most popular products.
14 May 2025: UPF and Nova should be ‘banned’ from use in food science
Finally, someone is taking the industry’s side in the fightback against UPF misuse.
6 May 2025: Why has the attack on UPFs intensified?
Ultra-processed foods are facing increasing levels of criticism again, despite the category not being wholly defined.
6 May 2025: Could processing actually make plant-based foods healthier?
Scientists discover potential health benefits to processing in plant-based products.
2 May 2025: UPFs ‘killing tens of thousands’ globally in latest sector blow
Ultra-processed foods (UPF) may be responsible for thousands of deaths worldwide, a new study has claimed.
25 April 2025: UPF regulation unlikely despite mounting consumer pressure
Think-tank says growing calls for stricter regulations on ultra processed foods won’t succeed.
23 April 2025: UPF backlash against plant-based must stop or risk public health
Condemning plant-based food and drink as unhealthy UPFs is a risk to public health.
31 March 2025: UPF ‘risk scale’ launched by Zoe to tackle ‘scaremongering’
A milestone in the UPF metrics debate as health app Zoe poses solution to “scaremongering”.
27 March 2025: Should big pharma Novo Nordisk’s UPF interest worry food?
Will big pharma like Novo Nordisk entering the UPF conversation benefit food and drink?
24 March 2025: Outcry as Novo Nordisk Foundation eyes UPF classification
The foundation is developing its own food processing guidelines.
27 January 2025: Dementia links put processed foods in firing line
Sales of processed red meats could fall, as new study links them to dementia.
16 December 2024: UPF lawsuit threat: how likely is one in the EU?
A lawsuit in the US has targeted several large food manufacturers, alleging the products they make are designed to be addictive. Could such a lawsuit occur in Europe?
6 November 2024: UPF debate not black and white
There’s a lot more to the UPF debate than just ‘good’ foods and ‘bad’ foods. We dive into the great UPF debate to discover more.
28 October 2024: NOVA reform: The flawed UPF classification system requires change
Some nutritious foods under the current NOVA system could be demonised alongside unhealthy variants. Industry’s calling for reform, but what would the next generation look like?
9 October 2024: UPF linked to type 2 diabetes - what does this mean for industry?
New research has linked ultra-processed foods to type 2 diabetes. How will this latest blow impact the food and beverage industry and is reformulation the only solution?
4 Jul 2024: Is UPF just another short-lived health fad, like Paleo or Atkins?
Industry has observed the rapid rise and sharp decline of many a food fad. Is consumer distaste for ultra-processing just another to add to the list?
17 Jun 2024: Does it matter that consumers don’t understand the term ‘ultra-processed’?
Consumers have consistently been shown not to understand what the term ‘ultra-processed’ means. But how much does this matter?
12 Jun 2024: Ultra-processed food kills, says WHO
The World Health Organization is linking ultra-processed food, alcohol, tobacco, and fossil fuel industries to millions of deaths in Europe every year.
29 May 2024: How does taxing ultra-processed food impact sales?
A few months ago, what is considered the world’s first UPF tax came into play. Which categories have been hit the hardest?
30 Apr 2024: ‘I’ve heard of ultra-processed food, but can’t explain it’: Demystifying UPF confusion
What ‘ultra-processed food’ means to one consumer may not be what it means to another.
21 Mar 2024: Are ultra-processed plant-based burgers healthy? WHO investigates
The World Health Organization has funded research analysing the nutritional composition of ultra-processed plant-based burgers, and the findings are out.
5 Mar 2024: Ultra-processed food linked to 32 poor health outcomes in largest study to date
We ask lead author Melissa M Lane where she stands on the ultra-processed food debate.
23 Feb 2024: The case against ultra-processed food: ‘UPF is designed to increase consumption and profit’
Do ultra-processed foods lead to poor health outcomes by definition? A ‘hyper-literal’ focus on definitions is not the point, suggest Henry Dimbleby and Chris van Tulleken.
19 Feb 2024: Can links be drawn between Nutri-Score and ultra-processed food?
Are ultra-processed foods more likely to have low Nutri-Score ratings? And should the Nova classification system be incorporated into the Nutri-Score algorithm?
16 Feb 2024: Consumers believe ultra-processed foods are damaging to their health and the environment
Is this perception fair and what can food manufacturers to do help challenge these views?
14 Feb 2024: Are we misusing the term ‘ultra-processed’? Uncoupling UPF from nutrition
The term ‘ultra-processed’ is increasingly used to describe the ‘unhealthiness’ of a product, particularly in the context of plant-based meat. But how processed a food is reveals nothing about its nutritional impact, contends new research.
9 Jan 2024: Processed plant-based meat: Clearer communication on the horizon, predict experts
European producers in 2024 will focus on informing consumers about processed and ultra-processed food and drink, potentially lowering content in formulations to encourage plant-based meat or dairy alternatives uptake.
16 Nov 2023: Ultra-processed foods, but not bread or breakfast cereals, linked to multimorbidity: The Lancet
The study found that UPF is often linked to multimorbidity. But no link was found between multimorbidity and consumption of UPFs including breakfast cereals, packaged bread, and plant-based alternatives.
28 Jul 2023: Nova classification matches consumer instincts
The Nova classification system is used to ascertain whether foods are minimally processed, processed, or ultra-processed. A new study finds that people’s perceptions of foods and their processing levels usually align with the Nova classification.
12 Jul 2023: Scientists stress ‘uncertainties’ in links between ultra-processed food and health problems
In the UK, government scientists have pointed to ‘uncertainties’ surrounding the quality of evidence linking consumption of ultra-processed foods with adverse health outcomes.
3 May 2023: Ultra-processing: The solution for safer, greener, more nutritious food?
As criticism around ultra-processed food builds, a panel of nutritionists and food engineers argue the practice has huge potential in producing safer and environmentally sustainable nutrition to the masses.
2 May 2023: Predicting ultra-processing in food with machine learning algorithm
Acknowledging the pain points of the Nova classification system, researchers have developed a machine learning algorithm to accurately predict the degree of processing for any food.
27 Apr 2023: Consumers don’t know what ‘ultra-processed’ food is, but know they don’t want it
Fresh research suggests consumers struggle to distinguish between ultra-processed and other processed foods, but want to cut back on both. Is lack of trust at play?
11 Nov 2021: Study charts impact of ultra-processed foods: Diet-related disease and climate change ‘share an underlying driver’
Increased consumption of ultra-processed foods has been linked to higher greenhouse gas emissions by a new study charting 30 years of dietary change.
