Listeria strains are not one and the same. Leatherhead's article assesses the new evidence to be presented at our forthcoming conference in April and its use to help eliminate listeria. Listeria remains a profound problem. Five leading retailers have recently recalled cheese, Chicken Chunks and butter in the UK. With a mortality rate of 20-30% (higher than that for Salmonella and Campylobacter combined) the FSA identifies it as ‘priority for action’. Legislation and regulation group all strains of listeriosis together, yet recent research indicates that the propensity of different strains to cause serious illness varies widely.